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Safety fuse
The safety fuse is a type of fuse invented and patented by William Bickford in 1831. Originally it consisted of a "tube" of gunpowder surrounded by a waterproofed varnished jute "rope". It replaced earlier and less reliable methods of igniting gunpowder blasting charges which had caused many injuries and deaths in the mining industry. The safety fuse burnt at a rate of typically about 30 seconds per foot (1 second per cm).
==Brief history of gunpowder==
Documentary evidence suggests that the earliest fuses were first used by the Chinese between the 10th and 12th centuries. After the Chinese had invented gunpowder, they began adapting its explosive properties for use in military technology. By 1044 they were using gunpowder in simple grenades, bombs, and flamethrowers. Gunpowder did not reach Europe until the early 13th century, carried over from China by European traders and merchants along the old Silk Road.
For three centuries gunpowder was primarily used for military warfare. It was not until 1574 that gunpowder was first introduced to the mining industry,〔.〕 and it took until 1617 before it was first used in a large-scale mining operation—at Thillot in France.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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